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Adventitious
: External tunic of a vessel.
Anastomose : Communication (or surgically-created suture)
between two vessels.
Aneurism : Cavity which communicates with the light of
an artery or formed at the cost of its wall and containing
liquid or coagulated blood.
Aorta : Vessel coming out from the heart, allowing
the distribution of the oxygenated blood in the whole body.
This vessel is at the root of all the body arteries but the
lung one.
Angioplasty : Operation which consists in the inflation
of a small balloon inside a vessel to restore its initial
caliber in case of structural collapsing, extension or stenosis.
This operation is nowadays often followed by the installation
of a stent.
Arhythmy : Confusion connected to a dysfunction of
the circulation of electric impulses governing the heart contractions.
Atherom : Localized injury of arteries intern tunic
(refer to atherosclerosis).
Atherosclerosis : Atherosclerosis is a pathology of
arteries. This disease is in 89 % of cases the cause of ischemic
heart disorders. Different factors are now identified as responsible
for the development of atherosclerosis. The confusions of
the lipidic metabolism such as hypercholesterolemy or essential
hyperlipemy, the domestic and ethnic factors, bad health-care
(stress, settled way of life, addiction to smoking) as well
as the quality of the daily food ration seem to be the plausible
causes of this disease.. It possesses a complex process of
development which shows itself in several levels: deposit
of lipids in the arterial lining, cellular proliferation,
modification of the structure of the sick artery, dysfunction
of trans-lining exchanges which lead to the forming of obstructive
injuries.
Auricle : Chamber of admittance of the blood into
the heart. Blood is brought to it by veins.
Bridging : Union of two vessels by grafting of a third
segment (or artificial substitute) downstream from the hurt.
Carotid : Each of the arteries which irrigate the
head.
Catheter : Cylindrical probe of small diameter used
to the investigation of ducts or cavities smooth muscular.
Cells : Cellular components of the arterial lining
constituting a multifunctional and contractile tissue taking
care of the synthesis of lining's structural elements.
Compliance : Reports the capacity to absorbe then to
restore some energy; Ratio of the section variation (or volume
or diameter) of the artery over the variation of trans-lining
pressure.
Coronary : Coronary arteries originate in sine of
Vasalva of the aorta and irrigate the heart.
Diastole : Phase of filling of the ventricle.
L.H.S.or electrocardiogram : Recording of the variations
of the electric potential inferred by cardiac activity.
Elastine : Protein, main component of the tissues
elastic fibers (artery,ligament).
Embolism : Abrupt obliteration of a vessel by an alien
body: blood clot, heap of bacteria,...
Endoprosthesis : Prosthesis introduced by endoluminal
path.
Endothelium : Layer of epithelial cells which cover
the inside of vascular linings.
Femoral : Which is related or which belongs to the
thigh ( femoral artery).
Fibrillation : Fast and muddled contractions of muscular
fibers (often indicate a pathology connected to the arythmie
of the auricle).
Fibrine : Filamentous protein formed by action of
the thrombine on the fibrinogene (plamatic protein) which
is at the origin of the clot (or thrombus).
Hemodynamic : Which relates to the mechanical properties
of blood circulation (pressure, flow,...)
Lliac : Concerning sides, sacrum.
Intima : Intern tunic of arteries.
Intimous Hyperplasy : Process corresponding to an
abnormal cellular reproduction in the neointimous layer of
the vessels. It drives to a vascular thickening of the lining.
Ischemy : Local incapacity of the blood circulation
in an organ.
Media : Intermediate tunic of the arterial lining.
Mitral (valve) : Two pieces-valve located between
the left auricle and the left ventricle.
Myocard : Muscle which constitutes the contractile
part of the heart.
Platelet : Blood cell deprived of pit which plays
a role in the coagulation.
Red blood corpuscle : Red globule of the blood. The
destruction of these cells is named the hemolysis.
Regurgitation : Quantity of fluid circulating the
other way around through a cardiac valve.
Restenosis : Reobstruction of a vessel after any action
(angioplasty, bridging,installation of a stent,...) aiming
at reducing a stenosing hurt.
Stasis : Stop or important slow down in the flow of
an organic fluid.
Stenosis : Pathological shrinkage of a duct or an
opening.
Stent : Expansible tubular structure (endoprothesis)
implanted through endoluminal path to support a vascular duct.
Implanting is nowadays often preceded by an angioplasty.
Systole : Phase of ejection of the ventricle into
the aorta.
Thrombosis : Formation of a bloody clot (thrombus)
in a vessel or a heart cavity.
Ventricle : Chamber of ejection of the blood of the
heart towards arteries.
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